As part of a series of turnkey projects undertaken in 1999, Powerlink introduced an integrated substation design known as Intelligent Plug and Switch System - iPASS - an outdoor hybrid switchgear solution with intelligence built into the primary switchgear. This article will examine an IEC 61850 ba sed SAS solution that is being considered as a favored upgrade option for Powerlink ' s iPASS s e conda r y s ystem replacement project.More